[ { "citation_id": "E025", "url": "https://www.se.com/ww/en/assets/pdf/Schneider-Electric-to-acquire-PTC", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Schneider Electric to acquire PTC, creating the next level of Energy and Industrial Intelligence", "claim": "On 5 October 2026, Schneider Electric and PTC announced that they had signed a definitive acquisition agreement. The proposed cash price is US$205 per share, valuing PTC equity at approximately US$22.6 billion.", "publisher": "Schneider Electric and PTC; financial release hosted by Schneider Electric", "type": "Primary joint acquisition-agreement announcement, original PDF first page visually read", "publication": "5 October 2026, release dateline and official index.", "event": "Announcement of a signed agreement on 5 October 2026; actual execution date and completion not established from the read page.", "period": "Announcement event at the report's evidence cutoff.", "locator": "Original 10-page PDF, file/printed page 1: dateline, first paragraph and first Key Highlights bullet. Official index corroborates date and announcement identity.", "region": "France and United States, as in the joint-release dateline; global industrial-software transaction.", "metric": "US$205 per share; approximately US$22.6 billion equity value for 100% of share capital. Equity value is distinct from enterprise value, revenue and market size.", "definition": "An agreement to acquire PTC, distinct from a completed acquisition and from market revenue.", "limits": "Only original page 1 was visually read. Completion conditions, closing timetable, financing and the remaining nine pages are not used. Stated strategic benefits and synergies are management expectations, not achieved integration results.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "First page actually viewed at readable original resolution by both reference researcher and root on 6 October 2026. Official index actually read. Full PDF not read; inaccessible SEC/search excerpts are not the verification basis.", "redistribution": "Issuer link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E003", "url": "https://www.se.com/ww/en/assets/564/document/373415/release-completion-acquisition-aveva.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Schneider Electric announces completion of transaction to acquire entire share capital of AVEVA", "claim": "Schneider Electric announced on 18 January 2023 that the scheme to acquire the AVEVA shares it did not already own had become effective and the transaction was complete.", "publisher": "Schneider Electric", "type": "Primary company transaction-completion announcement", "publication": "18 January 2023", "event": "Transaction completed on 18 January 2023.", "period": "Not applicable: transaction event.", "locator": "Single-page PDF, file page 1, title and first two body paragraphs; lines 16–27. No printed page number.", "region": "French acquirer, UK software business; global operations.", "metric": "Ownership and completion date. No market metric used.", "definition": "Company ownership, not a market denominator.", "limits": "Supports the ownership note for AVEVA. It is an earlier portfolio example, not a 2025 event or evidence that later product integration has been completed.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E008", "url": "https://www.aveva.com/en/products/aveva-operations-control/", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "AVEVA Operations Control Software", "claim": "AVEVA Operations Control offers subscription entitlements including HMI/SCADA, historian, reporting, communication drivers and collaboration, with on-premises, cloud and hybrid deployment options and disclosed MQTT, OPC UA and REST interfaces.", "publisher": "AVEVA", "type": "Primary vendor product, deployment and subscription description", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: product and subscription description.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "Product overview, lines 17–21; Deployment options, lines 108–115; interface support, lines 119–121; Subscription Entitlements, lines 124–126.", "region": "Global vendor product description; regional contract terms not disclosed.", "metric": "Subscription portfolio and deployment options, not market revenue.", "definition": "Operations-control software bundle spanning visualization, data collection and related tools.", "limits": "Verifies the subscription and deployment choices. It does not independently verify unlimited performance, customer ROI or effortless interoperability. Features cannot be backdated to unspecified earlier versions.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E009", "url": "https://www.ptc.com/en/products/windchill", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Windchill PLM Software | Enterprise PLM System", "claim": "PTC identifies Windchill as enterprise PLM connecting product data, processes and people across the product lifecycle, with multi-CAD management and connectors. Its regulated-industry section also describes traceability for product data and changes, document control and audit trails.", "publisher": "PTC", "type": "Primary vendor product description", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: product functions and roles.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "What is Windchill?, web lines 1–3; multi-CAD section, lines 401–408; regulated-industry section, lines 409–418.", "region": "Global vendor product description; regional deployment and sales breakdowns are not disclosed.", "metric": "PLM functions and product identity; no customer improvement or market figures used.", "definition": "Enterprise product lifecycle and data/process management, distinct from CAD geometric design and PLC real-time control.", "limits": "Supports the disclosed PLM, change-traceability and multi-CAD roles. It does not prove cost-free migration, universal lossless format conversion, achieved regulatory compliance or industry-wide customer benefits.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E007", "url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-us/products/software/factorytalk/operationsuite/mes/what-is-manufacturing-execution-system.html", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "What is Manufactuing Execution System?", "claim": "Rockwell Automation places MES between shop-floor controls and enterprise systems, with recipe, quality, work-in-progress and genealogy, performance and material-tracking functions, and lists FactoryTalk ProductionCentre and cloud-native Plex as examples.", "publisher": "Rockwell Automation / FactoryTalk", "type": "Primary vendor MES product and application explanation", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: product and architecture description.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "What is MES?, lines 44–61; Do I Need an MES?, lines 83–94; MES and ERP, lines 113–117; examples, lines 145–146.", "region": "US vendor site describing general manufacturing applications; no regional sales data.", "metric": "Functions and product categories.", "definition": "Manufacturing execution software between enterprise planning and shop-floor control.", "limits": "Supports MES functionality and product identity. It does not establish that MES replaces PLC/DCS, that every customer achieves value in three months or that cloud deployment itself proves a particular pricing model.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E013", "url": "https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r3.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Guide to Operational Technology (OT) Security", "claim": "NIST describes OT requirements for deterministic response, safety and continuity, warns that routine rebooting can be unsuitable, and calls for testing and staged software changes. Its guidance also covers network segmentation, authorized flows and training tailored to OT roles. Its typical OT component-life illustration is 10–15 years, and legacy systems may use unsupported operating systems.", "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Keith Stouffer et al.", "type": "Primary official technical guidance; not a universal mandatory law", "publication": "September 2023; exact day not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: published guidance. The CSRC page notes a Revision 4 initial public draft dated 21 September 2026; that draft is not adopted final guidance.", "period": "Not applicable: technical guidance, not a market or lifetime survey.", "locator": "Section 2.3 and Table 1, printed pp.28–31 / file pp.45–48; network architecture printed pp.71–72 / file pp.88–89; segmentation printed p.102 / file p.119; training printed p.108 / file p.125.", "region": "US NIST guidance; technical discussion can inform global OT analysis, without imposing US law abroad.", "metric": "A typical OT component-life comparison of 10–15 years is a guide-level illustration, not every installation's lifetime.", "definition": "Operational technology controlling or interacting with physical systems, including industrial control; not limited to manufacturing.", "limits": "Supports the E013 engineering mechanisms, segmentation and training paths. It does not quantify a skills shortage, retrofit budget, failure probability or guaranteed security result. Deployment must account for the specific process, safety and communications. The Revision 4 initial public draft is not adopted final guidance.", "calculation": "No calculation. File pages are one-based; cited zero-based PDF indices are converted by adding one.", "read_status": "Section 2.3 and Table 1 reread on 6 October 2026. Architecture, segmentation and training sections read on 5 October 2026; entire 316-page guide not read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E016", "url": "https://opcfoundation.org/about/opc-technologies/opc-ua/", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Unified Architecture – Landingpage", "claim": "The OPC Foundation describes OPC UA as a platform-independent framework combining communications, information models and access mechanisms, with encryption, signing, authentication and audit functions for information exchange from devices to enterprise and cloud systems.", "publisher": "OPC Foundation", "type": "Primary technical explanation by the standard-maintaining organization", "publication": "Page publication and update dates not disclosed; 2008 is the original UA release date, not this page's version date.", "event": "Not applicable: architecture and mechanism description.", "period": "Not applicable: no adoption statistics.", "locator": "Architecture, Platform Independence and Security; Information Modeling and Access, web lines 103–157, particularly lines 128 and 144–157.", "region": "Global industrial interoperability standard.", "metric": "Technical features only; companion-specification counts not used.", "definition": "Communications, information modelling and access infrastructure; not a substitute for MES or PLM application functions.", "limits": "Supports a path to common interfaces and semantics. It does not show that connecting via OPC UA automatically removes model, real-time, version or engineering differences. Security depends on configuration and operations.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "H001", "url": "https://infinite.mit.edu/video/mit-science-reporter%E2%80%94automatically-programmed-tools-1959/", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "MIT Science Reporter—Automatically Programmed Tools (1959)", "claim": "In this 1959 programme, MIT researchers date the demonstration of numerical-control feasibility to 1952. They explain how APT translated descriptions of part geometry and tool movements into machine-control instructions.", "publisher": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology; J. Francis Reintjes and Douglas Ross interviewed by Robert Woodbury", "type": "Primary historical programme, preserved by MIT with a transcript", "publication": "1959 programme; archive posting date not disclosed.", "event": "1952 feasibility demonstration; APT demonstrated and explained in the 1959 programme.", "period": "Historical events, not market statistics.", "locator": "Transcript: Reintjes on numerical control, web lines 30–36; Ross on the APT workflow, lines 57–66.", "region": "United States; MIT and aircraft manufacturing.", "metric": "Dates and technical workflow; no sales or productivity measurement.", "definition": "Numerical control using encoded instructions and servomechanisms; APT part programming. This is not a claim that these machines had modern CNC architecture.", "limits": "Supports a specific demonstration and programming mechanism. It does not establish sole invention, a universal first, or quantified commercial impact. Archive upload timing is unknown; the preserved programme itself dates to 1959.", "calculation": "None. Connections to today's software-controlled manufacturing are author interpretation.", "read_status": "Original archive transcript sections cited above read on 6 October 2026; video not watched.", "redistribution": "Link to MIT; no original video or transcript redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "H010", "url": "https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/techreports/UCAM-CL-TR-574.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Sketchpad A man-machine graphical communication system", "claim": "Ivan Edward Sutherland's January 1963 dissertation describes Sketchpad: drawing directly on a display with a light pen, reusing symbols and imposing geometric conditions while preserving drawing relationships.", "publisher": "Ivan Edward Sutherland; University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory archival edition; original dissertation at MIT", "type": "Primary research dissertation in an archival reprint", "publication": "Original dissertation January 1963; Cambridge technical report September 2003.", "event": "Research system described in the January 1963 dissertation.", "period": "Historical research, not commercial market statistics.", "locator": "Archival PDF file pp.1–2 date and origin; file pp.9–10 Abstract; file pp.17–18 Introduction. MIT catalogue separately dates the dissertation to 1963.", "region": "United States research; UK archival publication.", "metric": "Dates and system functions; no sales or productivity figures.", "definition": "Interactive computer drawing and geometric constraints, a research milestone relevant to CAD.", "limits": "Not a claim that CAD began here or that a commercial industry was established in 1963. Original printed pagination differs from archival file pagination.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Specified archival original-text sections and MIT catalogue actually read on 6 October 2026; entire 149-page reprint not read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no dissertation or image redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "H002", "url": "https://www.se.com/ww/fr/about-us/newsroom/news/press-releases/schneider-electric-f%C3%AAte-les-50-ans-de-modicon-l%E2%80%99automate-programmable-qui-maximise-la-rentabilit%C3%A9-op%C3%A9rationnelle-5c3c67826267e570aa0ef255/", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Schneider Electric celebrates 50 years of Modicon, the programmable controller that maximizes operational profitability (translated title)", "claim": "Schneider's 2019 retrospective dates Modicon's conception to 1968. It describes a General Motors request, Dick Morley's team and the Modicon 084: electronic programmable control allowed changes without reconfiguring relay wiring.", "publisher": "Schneider Electric", "type": "Primary company historical retrospective, in French", "publication": "14 January 2019", "event": "1968 conception; Modicon 084 development in the late 1960s.", "period": "Historical product development, not market statistics.", "locator": "Date and history paragraphs, web lines 19–28.", "region": "United States development; French company retrospective.", "metric": "Historical dates and reconfiguration mechanism; no cost estimate used.", "definition": "Programmable logic control replacing hard-wired relay logic in the described application.", "limits": "The world's-first wording belongs to the vendor and is not independently established. The source dates conception, not a verified first installation; avoid treating 1968 and 1969 as interchangeable milestones.", "calculation": "None. Do not use the release's later controller instruction-rate comparison as a market or ROI measure.", "read_status": "Read the cited French original on 6 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution permission not established." }, { "citation_id": "H003", "url": "https://www.yokogawa.com/eu/news/briefs/2025/2025-06-19/", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Yokogawa Celebrates the 50th Anniversary of the CENTUM Distributed Control Systems: A Pioneering Achievement", "claim": "Yokogawa's anniversary announcement dates CENTUM's announcement to June 1975 and describes early use of microprocessors and a CRT interface in this distributed control system.", "publisher": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation", "type": "Primary company anniversary announcement", "publication": "19 June 2025", "event": "CENTUM announced in June 1975.", "period": "Historical product launch, not market statistics.", "locator": "Announcement date and first two body paragraphs, web lines 584–588.", "region": "Japan; process-industry applications internationally.", "metric": "Launch month and technology description; no market-share or availability percentage used.", "definition": "CENTUM DCS for plant and process monitoring and control.", "limits": "The world's-first claim is Yokogawa's own retrospective wording. Use a representative early DCS milestone without asserting independent priority or a precisely measured productivity effect.", "calculation": "None. The impact on today's process-control supplier structure is author analysis.", "read_status": "Read the cited original announcement on 6 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution permission not established." }, { "citation_id": "H004", "url": "https://www.ptc.com/en/blogs/cad/a-quick-history-of-ptc-creo", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "A Quick History of Creo at PTC: From Parametric to the Cloud and AI", "claim": "PTC's dated history records the 1988 launch of Pro/ENGINEER and the 1998 introduction of Windchill. It describes parameter- and constraint-based modelling, associative updates and shared web-based lifecycle collaboration.", "publisher": "PTC", "type": "Primary company product-history retrospective", "publication": "16 February 2026", "event": "Pro/ENGINEER in 1988; Windchill in 1998.", "period": "Historical product launches, not market statistics.", "locator": "Date; Origins and Scaling the digital thread sections, web lines 5–18.", "region": "United States-based supplier; global engineering software.", "metric": "Launch years and product mechanisms; no market share used.", "definition": "Parametric 3D CAD and web-based product lifecycle management; distinct product functions.", "limits": "Vendor claims about first commercial success and first internet-based PLM are not independently verified. These dates are PTC product milestones, not the beginning of all CAD or PLM.", "calculation": "None. Effects on switching costs and competitive boundaries require explicit author-analysis wording.", "read_status": "Read the cited dated original on 6 October 2026; published before the cutoff.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution permission not established." }, { "citation_id": "H006", "url": "https://www.isa.org/intech/2020/september-october/the-isa-95-enterprise-control-system-integration-s", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "The ISA-95 Enterprise-Control System Integration standards", "claim": "ISA's committee-participant retrospective dates the first publication of ISA-95 to 2000. Parts 1 and 2 defined enterprise–control data exchanges and a model framework; later Parts 3 and 4 formalized manufacturing operations management at level 3.", "publisher": "International Society of Automation; Chris Monchinski", "type": "Primary standards-body retrospective by a committee participant", "publication": "September/October 2020 InTech special edition.", "event": "First ISA-95 publication in 2000; later multipart development.", "period": "Standard history, not software market statistics.", "locator": "Web lines 38–51; edition identification at line 61.", "region": "US-based standards organization; international manufacturing use.", "metric": "Publication year, standard parts and logical levels; no market metric.", "definition": "Enterprise–control integration and manufacturing operations management. Levels describe logical boundaries, not compulsory physical network topology.", "limits": "Does not establish when MES was invented or prove universal adoption. Formalising level 3 does not mean manufacturing software began in 2000; no licensed standard text was accessed or reproduced.", "calculation": "None. Integration-cost implications are objectives or analysis, not measured savings.", "read_status": "Read the cited public retrospective on 6 October 2026; full standards not read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no standard or publication reproduced." }, { "citation_id": "H005", "url": "https://opcfoundation.org/news/press-releases/opc-foundation-and-plcopen-release-version-1-02-of-the-opc-ua-for-iec61131-3-specification/", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "OPC Foundation and PLCopen release version 1.02 of the OPC UA for IEC61131-3 specification", "claim": "The OPC Foundation identifies its standards work as dating from 1996. Its joint PLCopen group began in 2008; the controller client specification was first released in 2014, enabling data exchanges between controllers and with MES/ERP systems.", "publisher": "OPC Foundation and PLCopen", "type": "Primary standards-body release with historical context", "publication": "Web date 24 November 2020; release dateline 25 November 2020.", "event": "1996 standards activity; 2008 working group; 2014 client specification; v1.02 in November 2020.", "period": "Specification milestones, not installed-base statistics.", "locator": "Date/dateline, lines 86–90; group and client history, lines 97–102; foundation background, line 110.", "region": "International standards ecosystem; US announcement and PLCopen collaboration.", "metric": "Years and specification versions; no adoption share used.", "definition": "OPC UA exposes PLC information and supports horizontal and vertical information exchange.", "limits": "Specification functionality does not guarantee plug-and-play integration or deployment coverage. This source does not establish a single OPC UA launch date; specification development proceeded through multiple stages.", "calculation": "None. Keep both publication dates instead of silently resolving the one-day discrepancy.", "read_status": "Read the cited original on 6 October 2026; no paid specification accessed.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution permission not established." }, { "citation_id": "H007", "url": "https://www.acatech.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Final_report__Industrie_4.0_accessible.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0: Final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group", "claim": "The April 2013 working-group report organized Industrie 4.0 around horizontal integration, engineering integration across the value chain, and vertical integration of networked manufacturing. It presented an implementation and research agenda rather than completed deployment results.", "publisher": "Forschungsunion / acatech; Henning Kagermann, Wolfgang Wahlster and Johannes Helbig", "type": "Primary policy and engineering working-group report", "publication": "April 2013 in PDF; publisher catalogue dates publication to 8 April 2013.", "event": "Working-group final recommendations in April 2013; initiative launched in early 2011.", "period": "Policy and research roadmap, not market statistics.", "locator": "PDF cover and imprint, file pages 1–2; Executive summary printed p.7/file p.8, lines 154–183; initiative history printed p.76/file p.77, lines 3411–3417. Publisher catalogue lines 7–12.", "region": "Germany; international manufacturing-policy context.", "metric": "Publication and initiative dates; three integration directions, no adoption metric.", "definition": "Cyber-physical manufacturing and networked integration strategy.", "limits": "Recommendations and anticipated benefits do not establish realised factory autonomy or productivity. The URL upload path is 2018; the document and catalogue establish its original 2013 publication.", "calculation": "None. Its effect on today's platform competition is author interpretation.", "read_status": "Read cited PDF sections and the German publisher catalogue on 6 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher links only; PDF copyright is reserved." }, { "citation_id": "H008", "url": "https://www.ptc.com/en/news/2018/ptc-continues-to-accelerate-subscription-business-model-globally", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "PTC Continues to Accelerate Subscription Business Model Globally", "claim": "PTC announced on 17 January 2018 that new core-software and ThingWorx licences would generally become subscription-only globally on 1 January 2019. The Americas and Western Europe had transitioned on 1 January 2018; regional and product exceptions remained.", "publisher": "PTC", "type": "Primary company licensing-policy announcement", "publication": "17 January 2018", "event": "Regional transition 1 January 2018; announced broader transition 1 January 2019.", "period": "Licensing policy; no historical bookings statistic used.", "locator": "Web lines 6–14, especially transition, retained perpetual rights and exceptions.", "region": "Americas and Western Europe; wider rollout excluded China, India, Korea, Russia, Taiwan and Turkey from a complete transition in this announcement.", "metric": "Policy effective dates; no price or revenue estimate.", "definition": "New licence sales by subscription; existing perpetual licences remained usable and active support renewable. Kepware retained both licence forms.", "limits": "An announced policy is not proof of every later implementation. Subscription is not equivalent to SaaS or mandatory cloud deployment. This company case does not establish a universal industry transition.", "calculation": "None; no inference about customers' lifetime costs or vendor margins.", "read_status": "Read the cited original announcement on 6 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution permission not established." }, { "citation_id": "H009", "url": "https://press.siemens.com/global/en/pressrelease/siemens-and-microsoft-partner-drive-cross-industry-ai-adoption", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Siemens and Microsoft partner to drive cross-industry AI adoption", "claim": "On 31 October 2023, Siemens and Microsoft introduced Siemens Industrial Copilot, a jointly developed generative-AI assistant for manufacturing. The announcement describes generating, optimising and debugging automation code using industrial information and Azure OpenAI Service.", "publisher": "Siemens AG; Microsoft is the named partner.", "type": "Primary partnership and product announcement", "publication": "31 October 2023", "event": "Industrial Copilot introduction on 31 October 2023.", "period": "Announcement event, not market statistics.", "locator": "Date and introduction, web lines 48–60; described function and technology, line 66.", "region": "German–US partnership; manufacturing applications internationally.", "metric": "Introduction date and described functions; no productivity number used.", "definition": "An engineering assistant combining industrial domain information and generative AI; not autonomous control of all factories.", "limits": "Supports the announcement and proposed functions. Claimed reductions from weeks to minutes are not independent performance evidence; no industry-first, broad adoption or ROI claim is established.", "calculation": "None. Convergence between control expertise and cloud AI is author interpretation.", "read_status": "Read the cited original release on 6 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution permission not established." }, { "citation_id": "E004", "url": "https://www.ti.com/applications/industrial/industrial-automation/overview.html", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Industrial automation", "claim": "Texas Instruments' industrial automation application page identifies analog and embedded products for industrial communication, motor control, power conversion and sensing, including field transmitters, HMI, PLC/DCS/PAC and servo or stepper drives.", "publisher": "Texas Instruments", "type": "Primary vendor application and product description", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: product-role description.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "Overview and Featured applications, web lines 0–30.", "region": "Global application description; regional shipment and supply patterns not disclosed.", "metric": "Product functions and categories; no performance or sales figures used.", "definition": "Embedded processors and analog components used inside automation equipment.", "limits": "Supports a representative semiconductor role. It does not establish a supply contract with a named controller company, market share, import dependence or vendor performance superiority. The undated page cannot establish when a feature became available in an earlier version.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E006", "url": "https://www.global.supcon.com/control-safety-systems/dcs", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Distributed Control Systems for Critical Process Operations", "claim": "SUPCON describes a DCS architecture joining field instruments, I/O, operator and engineering stations, historians, asset management and safety systems for continuous and batch operations; ECS-700 is a disclosed product example.", "publisher": "SUPCON", "type": "Primary vendor DCS product description", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed; copyright year is not a release date.", "event": "Not applicable: product-role description.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "Reliable Control, lines 23–25; ECS-700, lines 31–43; Key Capabilities, lines 88–110; Applications, lines 112–177.", "region": "Global product site. Availability of particular models can be region-specific.", "metric": "Control architecture, interface and application categories.", "definition": "Process-automation distributed control systems for continuous and batch plants.", "limits": "Supports the DCS role and disclosed architecture. Protocol support depends on configuration. It does not verify a named supply contract, zero downtime or return on investment. Inconsistent FAQ entries are not used.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E020", "url": "https://discover.3ds.com/dassault-systemes-product-portfolio", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Dassault Systèmes’ Software Portfolio: Unified by the 3DEXPERIENCE Platform", "claim": "Dassault Systèmes identifies CATIA as 3D CAD for design and engineering, SIMULIA as simulation for structural, fluid and electromagnetic virtual testing, ENOVIA as collaborative PLM, and DELMIA as manufacturing and supply-chain planning, management, optimization and execution software.", "publisher": "Dassault Systèmes", "type": "Primary vendor software-portfolio description", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: product-role description.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "Portfolio section: CATIA, lines 15–17; SIMULIA, lines 25–27; ENOVIA, lines 28–30; DELMIA, lines 35–37; industry applications, lines 83–134.", "region": "Global portfolio description; regional sales and legal headquarters are not established by this page alone.", "metric": "Product and function categories; no market or performance ranking used.", "definition": "CAD, simulation/CAE, PLM and manufacturing-operations tools are separate segments; the whole portfolio is not a single segment's denominator.", "limits": "Supports multiple engineering-software roles from one source. It does not prove world leadership, complete interoperability, replacement of controllers or quantified customer improvements.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E005", "url": "https://tools.sick.com/spmcerts/Environmental-Statement_en.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Updated Environmental Statement 2022", "claim": "SICK's 2022 environmental statement identifies sensors, camera systems, encoders and distance-measurement systems for factory production, packaging, assembly, quality assurance and machine safety, and instruments and measurement systems for process automation.", "publisher": "SICK", "type": "Primary company environmental statement, business-description section", "publication": "2022 document version; exact public-release date not disclosed.", "event": "Not applicable: business-role description.", "period": "2022 version; business descriptions only, not environmental statistics.", "locator": "THE 3 BUSINESS FIELDS, printed page 05 / file page 5 (zero-based P4), lines 126–149.", "region": "SICK's factory, process and logistics applications; regional sales breakdown not disclosed.", "metric": "Product and application categories; no numerical market metric.", "definition": "Sensors, cameras, encoders, distance measurement and process instrumentation.", "limits": "Supports the disclosed product roles. It does not show that every 2022 product remains unchanged in 2026, establish market share or verify a current named customer contract.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E021", "url": "https://www.inovance.eu/products", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "A complete industrial automation portfolio", "claim": "Inovance's European product directory lists AC drives, servo drives and motors, PLCs and HMI, motion controllers and I/O, CNC and industrial robots in its automation portfolio.", "publisher": "Inovance Technology Europe GmbH", "type": "Primary vendor product directory", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed; copyright 2026 is not a release date.", "event": "Not applicable: product classification.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "Portfolio overview, lines 45–47; category headings, lines 49–65; publisher copyright, lines 68–70.", "region": "European product directory; Chinese group headquarters separately supported by E023.", "metric": "Product categories, not regional sales or localization rates.", "definition": "Automation drives, motors, controls, interfaces and motion equipment; the company spans several value-chain roles.", "limits": "Supports the brand's representative drive and control roles at category level only. The H5U functions are separately verified in E024. Category links are not supply contracts or evidence of regional sales, localization rates or market share.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E023", "url": "https://www.inovance.eu/company/about-inovance", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "About Inovance", "claim": "Inovance's official company page states that the group is headquartered in Shenzhen, China, supplies automation solutions to OEMs and end users, and uses industrial automation in its own manufacturing facilities.", "publisher": "Inovance Technology Europe GmbH", "type": "Primary company description; benefits and superiority statements are vendor claims", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed; copyright 2026 is not a release date.", "event": "Not applicable: company and business roles. Exact factory upgrade dates not disclosed.", "period": "Not applicable: no dated R&D statistics from the page are used.", "locator": "About Inovance, lines 45–47; World-class manufacturing, lines 68–70; A global organisation, lines 73–75.", "region": "Group headquarters in Shenzhen, China; global OEM and end-user customers. The described factory lines are not individually located.", "metric": "Headquarters, customer types and manufacturing roles; no improvement figures used.", "definition": "Automation supplier and user of automation in its own production; not a measure of regional sales or domestic component content.", "limits": "Supports headquarters and disclosed roles. It does not independently verify efficiency leadership, every product certification or specific factory commissioning. Headquarters do not determine where every component is manufactured.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E019", "url": "https://press.siemens.com/global/en/pressrelease/debut-hannover-messe-2024-siemens-announces-new-generation-controller-simatic-s7-1200", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Debut at Hannover Messe 2024: Siemens announces a new generation of controller with Simatic S7-1200 G2, part of Siemens Xcelerator", "claim": "Siemens announced the SIMATIC S7-1200 G2 controller generation on 16 April 2024, describing TIA Portal engineering, integrated motion functions and control of coordinated axes and simple kinematics.", "publisher": "Siemens Digital Industries", "type": "Primary product-announcement release", "publication": "16 April 2024", "event": "Product announced on 16 April 2024; availability in winter 2024 was a plan in that release, not proof of delivery.", "period": "Not applicable: product announcement.", "locator": "Date and title; body lines 49–69; New features, lines 64–69.", "region": "Germany release describing machine-builder applications; regional launch timing not separately verified.", "metric": "Product-role and engineering functions; performance comparisons not used.", "definition": "PLC and machine motion control, distinct from manufacturing execution or product lifecycle software.", "limits": "Supports SIMATIC's PLC role and the functions disclosed then. Version-sensitive NFC or firmware details are not used as current 2026 facts, and the release does not independently prove productivity gains.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E024", "url": "https://www.inovance.eu/india/products/plcs-hmis/h5u-plc", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "H5U PLC", "claim": "Inovance's H5U page describes a compact EtherCAT-enabled industrial PLC with axis control, simulation for offline debugging and CANlink, CANopen and Modbus RTU communications.", "publisher": "Inovance Technology Europe GmbH / Inovance India", "type": "Primary product description", "publication": "Publication and update dates not disclosed; copyright 2023 is not a release date.", "event": "Not applicable: product functions; original launch date not disclosed.", "period": "Not applicable: no market statistics.", "locator": "Product title and function list, web lines 45–54.", "region": "Inovance product described on its India site; Chinese group headquarters is separately supported by E023.", "metric": "Functions only; I/O counts and performance comparisons not used.", "definition": "Industrial machine PLC and axis control, not the whole industrial automation or software market.", "limits": "Supports the specific PLC and its disclosed interfaces and offline simulation. It does not show that simulation removes all site validation, that all firmware remains unchanged or that the product is supplied in every region.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E012", "url": "https://press.siemens.com/global/en/pressrelease/siemens-industrial-copilot-expanded-adopted-thyssenkrupp", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Siemens Industrial Copilot expanded, adopted by thyssenkrupp", "claim": "Siemens disclosed in November 2024 that thyssenkrupp Automation Engineering had integrated Engineering Copilot into an electric-vehicle battery inspection machine, using TIA Portal, PLC SCL code and WinCC Unified visualization. Siemens' Erlangen electronics factory used Operations Copilot on soldering machines for error explanations and maintenance information.", "publisher": "Siemens AG", "type": "Primary vendor announcement describing named applications", "publication": "12 November 2024", "event": "Existing integrations were described on the release date; exact implementation dates not disclosed. A global rollout from 2025 was a plan at that time.", "period": "Not applicable: named application examples.", "locator": "Release date, web line 48; thyssenkrupp case, lines 63–66; Erlangen electronics-factory example, line 68; commercial availability, line 80.", "region": "Germany-based equipment builder and German factory; planned worldwide rollout is not verified completion.", "metric": "Application scope; no productivity percentage, developer forecast or industry ranking used.", "definition": "Engineering and operations assistants linked to automation tools and machine documentation, not autonomous process control.", "limits": "Supports vendor-disclosed applications and downstream roles. It does not independently prove productivity gains, safety certification or completion of the planned worldwide rollout.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E104", "url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/content/dam/rockwell-automation/documents/pdf/company/about-us/ir/2026/2026-q3-form-10q.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Rockwell Automation Form 10-Q for quarter ended 30 June 2026", "claim": "Intelligent Devices product revenue is predominantly recognized at a point in time; Software & Control combines product and software revenue; Lifecycle Services mostly recognizes solutions/services over time. Products use distributors/direct sales; large systems/services mainly direct sales. Remaining performance obligations were about USD 1.375bn; about USD 820m expected within 12 months.", "publisher": "Rockwell Automation, Inc.", "type": "Primary quarterly regulatory filing.", "publication": "4 August 2026, official IR 10-Q link dated 8/4/2026.", "event": "Quarter ended 30 June 2026.", "period": "Q3 FY2026 and position at 30 June 2026.", "locator": "Printed p 12/PDF file page 12 (zero-based P 11), Note 2 Revenue Recognition, lines 466–486; profit exclusions printed p 25/P24, lines 1044–1054; margin table printed p 31/P30, lines 1269–1271.", "region": "Global Rockwell group/segments.", "metric": "Revenue-recognition/channel descriptions; USD remaining performance obligations; company-defined segment operating margin.", "definition": "RPO includes existing contractual obligations subject to disclosed expedients; ARR is separately defined in E102.", "limits": "RPO excludes short contracts, specified invoice-based services and unexercised renewals. Segment results exclude corporate/other and acquisition-intangible amortization; not pure-software net profit.", "calculation": "No calculation.", "read_status": "Specified official PDF sections actually read 6 October 2026; not a full 50-page reading.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E207", "url": "https://industrialmachinerydigest.com/software/quality-management-software/cimdata-publishes-executive-plm-market-report", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "CIMdata Publishes Executive PLM Market Report", "claim": "CIMdata estimates the broad 2025 global PLM economy at USD 88.3bn, +9.9%; EDA/AEC growth was notable.", "publisher": "CIMdata, Inc.; researcher-signed release hosted by Industrial Machinery Digest.", "type": "Third-party estimate in the researcher’s public release.", "publication": "4 June 2026.", "event": "Market-report announcement, 4 June 2026.", "period": "Calendar 2025.", "locator": "CIMdata byline/date line 18; dateline 21; total/growth 25; scope 39; regional modules 40.", "region": "Global; regional modules use Americas, EMEA and Asia-Pacific. EMEA is not equivalent to Europe.", "metric": "PLM-related software and services revenue, US$ billions.", "definition": "Broad PLM: Tools, Product Innovation Platform and Digital Manufacturing; Tools include MCAD, CAM, S&A, EDA and AEC.", "limits": "Broad PLM includes tools/platforms/digital manufacturing; not total industrial software. Paid methodology and chart numbers not read. CIMdata domain returned 403; signed public-release text on IMD actually read.", "calculation": "Direct published values; rounded totals are not used to reconstruct reported growth.", "read_status": "Signed public release re-read 6 October 2026 on IMD; CIMdata-hosted page inaccessible; paid report/segment graphics not read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E208", "url": "https://www.miit.gov.cn/gxsj/tjfx/rjy/art/2026/art_65a12a560865432bb1548fdddc74f19c.html", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Software Industry Performance in 2025 (translated title)", "claim": "MIIT reports China’s 2025 industrial-software product revenue of RMB 333.0 billion and reported growth of 9.7%.", "publisher": "Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Operation Monitoring and Coordination Bureau.", "type": "Government statistical release.", "publication": "30 January 2026, 15:16; webpage does not state timezone.", "event": "Not applicable: annual statistics.", "period": "Calendar 2025.", "locator": "Section II, first paragraph, web line 13; publication timestamp, line 3.", "region": "China.", "metric": "Industrial-software product revenue; RMB 100 million in original.", "definition": "MIIT industrial-software product-revenue statistical category; page does not detail product/enterprise/service boundaries.", "limits": "Use the official amount and growth as published. The two released annual amounts do not establish a reconciled growth series or vendor shares.", "calculation": "3330×RMB 100m=RMB 333.0bn. (3330/2940−1)×100≈13.2653%, not the official 2025 +9.7%; reason for the discrepancy not established.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E201", "url": "https://www.eefocus.com/article/1866790.html", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Fourteen consecutive wins! SUPCON’s 2024 DCS market share rises to 40.4%, setting another industry record (translated title)", "claim": "MIR estimates China’s 2024 DCS market at approximately RMB 11.76bn, down 3.6%, and SUPCON supplier share at 40.4%.", "publisher": "MIR Industry/MIR DATABANK; author-approved Eefocus republication.", "type": "Researcher-authored third-party estimate; public excerpt.", "publication": "23 July 2025.", "event": "Not applicable: annual estimate.", "period": "Calendar 2024.", "locator": "Date/author line 81; amount/scope/share line 91; decline line 94; sector discussion lines 103–105; supplier statement line 122; republication notice line 153.", "region": "China; territorial inclusions not further stated.", "metric": "RMB market value; supplier share percentage; historical share measurement not fully established.", "definition": "China DCS, including hardware, software, services and engineering.", "limits": "Use attributed 40.4% in prose. E202 does not verify its 2024 historical methodology; no full-vendor share chart or share-derived supplier revenue.", "calculation": "117.6×RMB 100m=RMB 11.76bn; 40.4% quoted without further calculation.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E209", "url": "https://www.miit.gov.cn/jgsj/yxj/xxfb/art/2025/art_82c3dba8d5f442beb4c49b04fbfd0e33.html", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "China’s Software Industry Performed Well in 2024 (translated title)", "claim": "MIIT reported 2024 industrial-software product revenue of RMB 294.0 billion and growth of 7.4%.", "publisher": "Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Operation Monitoring and Coordination Bureau.", "type": "Government statistical release.", "publication": "26 January 2025, 15:21; timezone not stated.", "event": "Not applicable.", "period": "Calendar 2024.", "locator": "Section II, first paragraph, web line 29; publication timestamp, line 4.", "region": "China.", "metric": "Industrial-software product revenue; RMB 100 million in original.", "definition": "MIIT industrial-software product-revenue statistical category; page does not detail product/enterprise/service boundaries.", "limits": "Use the official amount and growth as published. The two released annual amounts do not establish a reconciled growth series or vendor shares.", "calculation": "2940×RMB 100m=RMB 294.0bn. (3330/2940−1)×100≈13.2653%, not the official 2025 +9.7%; reason for the discrepancy not established.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E202", "url": "https://www.mirdatabank.com/Files/upload_v3/Data/%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%9A%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%A7%E5%93%81_%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Automation Product Data Updates: Content and Timing (translated title)", "claim": "MIR lists DCS supplier data and annual vendor totals under sales value.", "publisher": "MIR DATABANK / MIR Industry.", "type": "Publisher’s methodology document.", "publication": "Undated; historical version not established.", "event": "Not applicable.", "period": "Not year-specific.", "locator": "PDF file page 2, zero-based P 1, DCS rows at bottom, extracted lines 109–113.", "region": "Chinese automation-market dataset.", "metric": "Sales value.", "definition": "DCS supplier and industry data.", "limits": "Undated method only. Prior actual reading on 5 October establishes availability in the previous evidence record, not a publication date or a verified 2024 version. No new dated statistics used.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "DCS table actually re-read 6 October 2026; publisher text extraction, not a claim of reading a paid report.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E204", "url": "https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/five-million-robots-now-operate-in-factories-globally", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Five Million Robots now Operate in Factories Globally", "claim": "IFR reports 2025 China installations of 354,000, +20%, representing 59% of global deployments. Chinese suppliers installed 195,000, +15%, with domestic share 55% versus 57% in 2024. Global installations exceeded 600,000, +11%.", "publisher": "International Federation of Robotics.", "type": "Association statistics; official public release.", "publication": "24 September 2026.", "event": "World Robotics 2026 release, 24 September 2026.", "period": "Calendar 2025.", "locator": "Dateline/global totals line 9; China share/units/growth lines 14–15; US global-summary figure line 23.", "region": "Global and China; supplier share uses China’s denominator.", "metric": "Annual industrial-robot installations, units; supplier-origin share, percent.", "definition": "Annual factory industrial-robot installations; 55% supplier-origin category share within China, not individual-vendor or revenue share.", "limits": "Rounded public values; detailed origin classification/full report not read. E205 reports US 38,400 versus global-summary almost 38,500; not reconciled.", "calculation": "Other supplier origins=100%−55%=45%; share change 55%−57%=−2 percentage points. No unrounded values inferred.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E205", "url": "https://ifr.org/downloads/press_docs/EN-2026-SEP-24-IFR_Press_Release_WR-USA.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "U.S. now Second-Largest Robotics Market, Following China", "claim": "IFR reports US 2025 installations 38,400, +12%; automotive 13,500, -1%; metal/machinery 3,000, -15%; food/beverage 2,900, +30%. The US has many robot system integrators; most robots are imported from Japan/Europe.", "publisher": "International Federation of Robotics.", "type": "Association statistics; official public release.", "publication": "24 September 2026.", "event": "World Robotics 2026 release, 24 September 2026.", "period": "Calendar 2025.", "locator": "PDF file page 1, zero-based P 0: dateline/totals lines 15–18; industries 24–28; integrators/imports 34–38.", "region": "United States.", "metric": "Annual industrial-robot installations, units.", "definition": "All U.S. industrial-robot installations; automotive is a subset.", "limits": "US scope. Global-summary almost 38,500 differs from US release 38,400; retain the latter with attribution; underlying difference not established.", "calculation": "Disclosed values only; industry subsets are not added to total.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E206", "url": "https://ifr.org/downloads/press_docs/EN-2026-SEP-14-IFR_Press_Release_WR-EU-27.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "European Union’s Industrial Robot Stock Hits Record 700,000 Units", "claim": "IFR reports EU27 installations 60,500 in 2025, -11%, versus year-end operational stock 712,000. Automotive 14,900, -25%; metal 13,000, -13%; food/beverage 5,300, +4%. Germany installed 24,800 units, representing 41% of EU27 installations.", "publisher": "International Federation of Robotics.", "type": "Association statistics; official public release.", "publication": "24 September 2026, PDF text; filename’s SEP-14 is not the publication date.", "event": "World Robotics 2026 release, 24 September 2026.", "period": "Calendar 2025; stock at year-end.", "locator": "PDF file page 1/P0: date line 15; stock lines 20–23; annual flow 25–29; industries 31–35; Germany 37–40.", "region": "EU27, not all Europe.", "metric": "Annual installations and year-end operational stock, units; distinct measures.", "definition": "Industrial robots in EU27.", "limits": "EU27, not Europe. Stock and annual additions are distinct; country/industry subsets cannot be summed with aggregate totals.", "calculation": "Direct published rounded totals and percentages.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E212", "url": "https://www.controlglobal.com/extras/controls-top-50-automation-companies", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Control’s Top 50 Automation Companies", "claim": "The ARC/Control definition includes control, instrumentation and related software but excludes robotics, material handling and supply-chain-management software.", "publisher": "Control Global; ARC Advisory Group methodology.", "type": "Joint research-series methodology.", "publication": "Not disclosed on the read methodology page.", "event": "Not applicable.", "period": "Methodology, not a numerical year.", "locator": "Top 50 methodology and Technologies included/not included, web lines 81–110; explicit exclusions, lines 103–110.", "region": "Global and North American lists.", "metric": "Automation-business revenue; not whole-company revenue.", "definition": "ARC process-control and automation technology scope.", "limits": "Not the report's entire automation/software scope; the Top 50 total is not an industry denominator. The undated method page is used for scope explanation, not year-specific quantitative evidence.", "calculation": "None; no shares constructed.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E101", "url": "https://press.siemens.com/jp/en/pressrelease/pr-20260806", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Record third quarter – Outlook raised", "claim": "Q3 FY2026 Digital Industries orders: EUR 4.9bn, +9% comparable; revenue: EUR 4.9bn, +10% comparable. Software revenue: EUR 1.8bn, +15%. ARR: EUR 5.7bn, +11% organic. Segment profit: EUR 923m, +44%; margin: 18.7% versus 14.5%. Siemens attributes the largest contribution to profit improvements to software.", "publisher": "Siemens AG", "type": "Primary company results release.", "publication": "6 August 2026, release dateline.", "event": "Quarter ended 30 June 2026.", "period": "Q3 FY2026; three months ended 30 June 2026.", "locator": "Release dateline, web line 49; Revenue growth at all industrial businesses, lines 86–87; comparable-growth definition, line 78.", "region": "Global Siemens Digital Industries segment.", "metric": "EUR orders, revenue, segment profit; comparable growth; organic ARR; company-defined segment margin.", "definition": "Digital Industries segment; software revenue is a subset. Comparable growth excludes currency and portfolio effects.", "limits": "ARR is not quarterly revenue. Segment profit definitions differ across companies. Software +15% is quoted without relabelling as organic/comparable.", "calculation": "Direct disclosed figures; no share or precise book-to-bill inferred from rounded EUR 4.9bn amounts.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E102", "url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-se/company/news/press-releases/Rockwell-Automation-Reports-Third-Quarter-2026-Results.html", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Rockwell Automation Reports Third Quarter 2026 Results", "claim": "Q3 FY2026 group sales were USD 2.313bn, +8% reported/+10% organic. Software & Control sales were USD 751m, +19% reported/+18% organic; operating earnings USD 261m; margin 34.8% versus 31.6%. Lifecycle Services sales USD 482m, -12% reported/-2% organic; margin 15.1% versus 13.3%. Organic ARR grew 6%; Sensia dissolution completed 1 April 2026.", "publisher": "Rockwell Automation.", "type": "Primary company results release.", "publication": "4 August 2026, explicit Published line at web line 464.", "event": "Quarter ended 30 June 2026; Sensia dissolution 1 April 2026.", "period": "Q3 FY2026; three months ended 30 June 2026.", "locator": "Financial results lines 11–14; segment results lines 34–43; ARR lines 46,59–63; explicit publication line 464.", "region": "Global Rockwell group and Software & Control segment.", "metric": "USD sales and operating earnings; reported/organic growth; company-defined segment margin; organic ARR.", "definition": "ARR measures annual value of active recurring contracts; excluded from interpretation as recognized revenue, contract liabilities or backlog. Product/revenue-recognition mix is detailed in E104.", "limits": "Software & Control margin is a company segment metric. Organic growth adjusts disposals; Sensia and execution affect service profitability. No pure-software margin inferred.", "calculation": "(2313/2144−1)×100≈7.88%; (751/629−1)×100≈19.40%. Use disclosed rounded growth and margins.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E105", "url": "https://www.marketscreener.com/news/schneider-electric-half-year-results-accounts-ce7f51d3d18df424", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Schneider Electric Half-Year Financial Report 2026 — issuer text distributed unchanged", "claim": "H1 Industrial Automation revenue was EUR 3.585bn, +7.7% organic; adjusted EBITA EUR 501m, 14.0% margin versus 13.7%. AVEVA revenue grew high-single digits organically; ARR grew 11% at 30 June. Segment regional organic growth: North America 5%, Europe 7%, China/East Asia 12%, South Asia/International 6%. Management cites support-cost leverage while gross margin fell slightly amid raw-material/tariff costs.", "publisher": "Schneider Electric SE; issuer financial-report text carried unchanged by Publicnow/MarketScreener.", "type": "Primary issuer financial report in an explicitly unedited republication; original PDF not read.", "publication": "30 July 2026; issuer publication/unchanged-distribution statement at line 2005; official index corroborates date (E103).", "event": "Six-month period ended 30 June 2026.", "period": "H1 calendar 2026; ARR at 30 June 2026.", "locator": "Note 3 segment table lines 1084–1122; business/regional review 1690–1704; adjusted EBITA definition 1730–1733; segment margin/cost discussion 1765–1768; publication/distribution statement 2005.", "region": "Global Industrial Automation segment; company reporting regions, not individual-country markets.", "metric": "EUR segment revenue/adjusted EBITA; organic growth; company-defined annualized recurring revenue growth.", "definition": "Industrial Automation includes automation/control for discrete, process and hybrid industries. Adjusted EBITA excludes restructuring/other operating items and acquisition-intangible amortization.", "limits": "Company regions differ from IFR country/EU27 scopes. H1 profit is not quarterly or pure-software net profit. Read source is unchanged company text hosted externally; not the original PDF.", "calculation": "Disclosed figures; 14.0%−13.7%=0.3 percentage points reported improvement, distinct from disclosed approximately 50 bps organic improvement.", "read_status": "Specified unchanged issuer-text sections actually read 6 October 2026; original PDF unavailable and not claimed read.", "redistribution": "Source link only; original report redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E103", "url": "https://www.se.com/ww/en/about-us/investor-relations/financial-results/", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Financial results", "claim": "Official results summary reports Q2 2026 Industrial Automation revenue growth of 11% organically; H1 group revenue EUR 21.2bn and adjusted-EBITA margin 19.3% relate to the wider group.", "publisher": "Schneider Electric.", "type": "Primary official investor-relations release index and results summary.", "publication": "30 July 2026, dated half-year-release index row; ongoing page.", "event": "Quarter/half-year ended 30 June 2026.", "period": "Q2/H1 calendar 2026, distinct periods.", "locator": "Results-summary lines 16–29; dated release index lines 40–44.", "region": "Global Schneider Industrial Automation segment; group figures separately labelled.", "metric": "Q2 Industrial Automation organic growth; separately identified H1 group metrics.", "definition": "Industrial Automation is one segment; group also includes Energy Management.", "limits": "The index is used for Q2 summary and release timing; Industrial Automation H1 amounts and profitability are established separately in E105. October 29 Q3 results are excluded.", "calculation": "No calculation.", "read_status": "Relevant original public sections actually re-read on 6 October 2026; locator specifies scope.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; original redistribution rights not established." }, { "citation_id": "E002", "url": "https://www.emerson.com/en/corporate/news/2025/emerson-completes-acquisition-of-remaining-outstanding-shares-of-aspentech", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Emerson Completes Acquisition of Remaining Outstanding Shares of AspenTech", "claim": "Emerson completed the acquisition of AspenTech shares it did not already own on 12 March 2025. AspenTech became a wholly owned subsidiary and an independent business unit consolidated in Control Systems & Software.", "publisher": "Emerson", "type": "Primary company transaction-completion announcement", "publication": "12 March 2025", "event": "Transaction completed on 12 March 2025; tender offer expired on 11 March.", "period": "Not applicable: transaction and post-transaction ownership.", "locator": "Opening paragraphs, web lines 195–202; Successful Completion of Tender Offer and Merger, lines 206–213.", "region": "United States; global industrial software business.", "metric": "Ownership and segment classification. US$265.00 per share applies to the remaining shares acquired.", "definition": "Company ownership and reporting segment, not industry market share.", "limits": "This was the purchase of the remaining shares, not Emerson's first acquisition of control. The release does not establish industry concentration, total historical investment or integration success.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E001", "url": "https://press.siemens.com/global/en/pressrelease/siemens-acquires-altair-create-most-complete-ai-powered-portfolio-industrial-software", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Siemens acquires Altair to create most complete AI-powered portfolio of industrial software", "claim": "On 26 March 2025, Siemens announced that it had completed the acquisition of Altair Engineering for an enterprise value of approximately US$10 billion, adding mechanical and electromagnetic simulation, high-performance computing, data science and AI capabilities.", "publisher": "Siemens AG", "type": "Primary company transaction-completion announcement", "publication": "26 March 2025", "event": "Acquisition completed on 26 March 2025.", "period": "Not applicable: transaction event.", "locator": "Release date and first body paragraph; web lines 48–60.", "region": "Germany-based acquirer and US software target; global business.", "metric": "Approximately US$10 billion of enterprise value; not annual revenue or market size.", "definition": "Acquisition of an industrial simulation and analysis software company; no industry-wide denominator.", "limits": "Verifies the disclosed completion, value and capability scope. Promotional claims about the world's most complete portfolio are not independent rankings or proof of integration results.", "calculation": "No calculation; retain the source's approximate US$10 billion enterprise value.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E017", "url": "https://industrialdigitaltwin.org/en/news-dates/milestone-for-industrial-digitalisation-asset-administration-shell-standard-receives-security-specification-7010", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Milestone for industrial digitalisation: Asset Administration Shell standard receives security specification", "claim": "On 10 June 2025, IDTA announced an updated AAS specification bundle including Part 4: Security, with fine-grained access control for properties, submodels and registry or repository services.", "publisher": "Industrial Digital Twin Association (IDTA)", "type": "Primary specification-release announcement", "publication": "10 June 2025", "event": "Bundle-release announcement on 10 June 2025; the exact specification-version documents were not separately examined.", "period": "Not applicable: specification update.", "locator": "Date, title and release overview, web lines 79–85; access-control description, lines 86–90.", "region": "Germany-based association; intended for international industrial ecosystems.", "metric": "Specification and authorization functions; no market statistics.", "definition": "Asset Administration Shell information models for standardized digital twins, not the entire digital-twin software market.", "limits": "Supports the addition of an access-control mechanism. It does not prove that all products implement it or that the 2025 announcement describes the latest 2026 release.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E014", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cra-reporting", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Cyber Resilience Act - Reporting obligations", "claim": "The European Commission states that manufacturers' CRA reporting obligations started on 11 September 2026 for actively exploited vulnerabilities and severe security incidents in products with digital elements; an early warning is due within 24 hours of awareness and a full notification within 72 hours.", "publisher": "European Commission, Shaping Europe's digital future", "type": "Primary regulator implementation explanation", "publication": "Original publication date not disclosed; read version last updated 11 September 2026.", "event": "Reporting obligations apply from 11 September 2026 and were already applicable at the research cutoff.", "period": "Not applicable: regulatory timetable.", "locator": "Opening paragraphs, lines 4–7; What are the main rules?, lines 8–13; reporting platform, lines 14–16; Last update field.", "region": "European Union market and relevant manufacturers; application to a particular product or operator must be checked.", "metric": "24-hour warning and 72-hour notification deadlines measured from awareness; these are not patch-release deadlines.", "definition": "Security reporting for relevant products with digital elements, not every internal OT installation without exceptions.", "limits": "Supports the reporting phase and deadlines. It does not make all CRA product obligations applicable in 2026. Open-source software steward obligations have a different timetable. Full statutory scope and exclusions were not independently resolved.", "calculation": "No calculation; deadlines are quoted from the regulator explanation.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E022", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cyber-resilience-act", "read_date": "2026-10-06", "title": "Cyber Resilience Act", "claim": "The European Commission states that the CRA entered into force on 10 December 2024; its main product obligations apply from 11 December 2027 and reporting obligations from 11 September 2026. The framework covers lifecycle cybersecurity for relevant hardware and software products with digital elements.", "publisher": "European Commission, Shaping Europe's digital future", "type": "Primary regulator policy overview", "publication": "Original release and complete update dates not disclosed; read content includes the 27 July 2026 guidance and the September reporting phase.", "event": "Entered into force 10 December 2024; reporting applies from 11 September 2026; main obligations apply from 11 December 2027.", "period": "Not applicable: phased regulatory timetable.", "locator": "Body lines 8–13, especially line 12; reporting link and description, lines 75–78.", "region": "European Union market; not a domestic Chinese or US law.", "metric": "Dates and lifecycle responsibilities; no cost or fine figures used.", "definition": "Relevant products with digital elements. Detailed exceptions and operator roles require statutory scope checks.", "limits": "Together with E014, supports the separation of entry into force and application phases. The full statutory exclusions and article-level interpretation were not independently verified.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Cited original sections reread on 6 October 2026; earlier verification on 5 October 2026.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." }, { "citation_id": "E015", "url": "https://www.miit.gov.cn/cms_files/filemanager/1226211233/attach/202512/8b6a31547603437db54d6596d33d04c4.pdf", "read_date": "2026-10-05", "title": "Implementation Opinions on the 'Artificial Intelligence + Manufacturing' Special Action (translated title)", "claim": "China's eight-department AI + Manufacturing policy was made public on 7 January 2026 after being dated 25 December 2025. It calls for models suited to industrial real-time, reliability and safety requirements, cloud-edge-device deployment, lighter models, data governance, evaluation and high-quality datasets, with objectives for 2027.", "publisher": "Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), Cyberspace Administration of China, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Commerce, SASAC, State Administration for Market Regulation, and National Data Administration", "type": "Primary issued policy document; objectives and proposed measures are not completed outcomes", "publication": "7 January 2026, 16:43 as shown on the publisher page.", "event": "Document dated 25 December 2025; separate statutory commencement date not disclosed.", "period": "Policy objectives to 2027, not actual 2027 results.", "locator": "File and printed p.1, objectives; p.2, Section II(ii) industry models and II(iii) data; p.3, Section III(v) workflow transformation. Publisher page lines 8–17 distinguish document and release dates.", "region": "China, national policy.", "metric": "Policy targets, not current installations, orders or revenue. The targets of 3–5 general models, 1,000 agents, 100 datasets and 500 scenarios must be explicitly labelled as 2027 objectives if used.", "definition": "AI applied across manufacturing design, pilot validation, production and operations; not a statistical definition of the industrial software market.", "limits": "Supports the issued policy and stated paths. It does not prove achievement, a subsidy amount or a vendor award. Only the cited opening sections were read, not every annex.", "calculation": "None.", "read_status": "Read the cited sections of the publisher's original on 5 October 2026. This is not a claim that the entire source was read.", "redistribution": "Publisher link only; no original material redistributed." } ]